🔔 I will join INSAIT as a postdoctoral researcher working on AI sustainability, aligning the growth of AI with environmental considerations. My work asks how we can build AI systems that meet real-world engineering needs, and how we can build them responsibly:

  • Life-cycle carbon footprint across data centers, training, and inference
  • Attribution and pricing of compute and emissions
  • Energy–computation co-design (data-center efficiency and grid readiness)
  • LLM agents for real-world engineering in scheduling, planning, and forecasting, where solutions must be feasible and verifiable under real domain constraints, not merely convincing

Currently, I am about to complete my Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at the University of Sydney under the supervision of Dr. Jing Qiu, and I had an M.Sc. in Data Science from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen under the supervision of Prof. Junhua Zhao, and a B.B.A. with Honors in Finance and Global Business Management from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen.

My work has been published at ICML, NeurIPS, ACL, Cell Patterns, Cell Nexus and Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering. I also have extensive project experience with power grid operators and research institutes, spanning carbon accounting and energy market analysis. Over the past few years, I have led carbon rating reports for 100+ listed companies in Australia and China and served on the editorial board of the AI and Sustainable Development Outlook.

News

Selected Publications

For an up-to-date list of publications, check Google Scholar. * denotes equal contribution (co-first author). denotes corresponding author.

ICML 2026 · 2026

Hugging Carbon: Quantifying the Training Carbon Emissions of AI Models at Scale

Hugging Carbon: Quantifying the Training Carbon Emissions of AI Models at Scale

Xinlei Wang, Ruibo Ming, Jing Qiu, Junhua Zhao, Jinjin Gu

ICML 2026 · 2026

EngiAgent: Fully Connected Coordination of LLM Agents for Solving Open-ended Engineering Problems with Feasible Solutions

EngiAgent: Fully Connected Coordination of LLM Agents for Solving Open-ended Engineering Problems with Feasible Solutions

Xiyuan Zhou*, Ruixi Zou*, Xinlei Wang*, Yuheng Cheng, Yan Xu, Junhua Zhao, Jinjin Gu

ACL 2026 Findings · 2026

EngiBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models on Engineering Problems

EngiBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models on Engineering Problems

Xiyuan Zhou*, Xinlei Wang*, Yirui He, Yang Wu, Ruixi Zou, Yuheng Cheng, Yulu Xie, Wenxuan Liu, Huan Zhao, Yan Xu, Jinjin Gu, Junhua Zhao

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering · 2026

Structural Alignment for Energy–Computation Co-design

Structural Alignment for Energy–Computation Co-design

Xin Lu, Jing Qiu, Xinlei Wang, Jinjin Gu, Jiafeng Lin, Sihai An, Junhua Zhao

IEEE Computer · 2026

Rethinking Time Series Analysis with LLMs as a Reasoning-Centric Task

Rethinking Time Series Analysis with LLMs as a Reasoning-Centric Task

Xinlei Wang, Mingtian Tan, Ruihua Yu, Jing Qiu, Junhua Zhao, Jinjin Gu

Engineering · 2026

News-Driven Load Forecasting: Generative Agents and Large Language Models for Unstructured Data and Event Analysis

News-Driven Load Forecasting: Generative Agents and Large Language Models for Unstructured Data and Event Analysis

Xinlei Wang, Jinjin Gu, Jing Qiu, Guolong Liu, Xinlei Cai, Jinzhou Zhu, Yanli Liu, Zhaoyang Dong, Junhua Zhao

Cell Nexus · 2026

An LLM Agent-Based Framework for Analytical Characterization of Nash Equilibria

An LLM Agent-Based Framework for Analytical Characterization of Nash Equilibria

Wenxuan Liu*, Xiyuan Zhou*, Xinlei Wang*, Yuheng Cheng*, Lixin Ye, Randall Berry, Leandros Tassiulas, Jianwei Huang, Junhua Zhao

ICPIES 2025 · 2025

A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Automated Bidding Strategy Generation in Electricity Markets

A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Automated Bidding Strategy Generation in Electricity Markets

Ruixi Zou, Xiyuan Zhou, Yuheng Cheng, Wenxuan Liu, Xinlei Wang, Junhua Zhao, Xinlei Cai

NeurIPS 2024 · 2024

From News to Forecast: Integrating Event Analysis in LLM-Based Time Series Forecasting with Reflection

From News to Forecast: Integrating Event Analysis in LLM-Based Time Series Forecasting with Reflection

Xinlei Wang, Maike Feng, Jing Qiu, Jinjin Gu, Junhua Zhao

PSGEC 2024 · 2024

Large Language Model for Low-Carbon Energy Transition: Roles and Challenges

Large Language Model for Low-Carbon Energy Transition: Roles and Challenges

Yuheng Cheng, Xiyuan Zhou, Huan Zhao, Jinjin Gu, Xinlei Wang, Junhua Zhao

Cell Patterns · 2022

AI-Enabled Image Fraud in Scientific Publications

AI-Enabled Image Fraud in Scientific Publications

Jinjin Gu, Xinlei Wang, Chenang Li, Junhua Zhao, Weijin Fu, Gaoqi Liang, Jing Qiu

Scientific Reports · 2021

Electricity-Consumption Data Reveals the Economic Impact and Industry Recovery During the Pandemic

Electricity-Consumption Data Reveals the Economic Impact and Industry Recovery During the Pandemic

Xinlei Wang, Caomingzhe Si, Jinjin Gu, Guolong Liu, Wenxuan Liu, Jing Qiu, Junhua Zhao

Energy and Climate Change · 2021

Lessons Learned from Power Industry Reform and Electricity Spot Market Trial Operation in Southern China

Lessons Learned from Power Industry Reform and Electricity Spot Market Trial Operation in Southern China

Xinlei Wang, Wenxuan Liu, Gaoqi Liang, Junhua Zhao, Jing Qiu

Public Reports and Projects

Oct 2025

Carbon Rating Report of Australia's ASX 100 Listed Companies

Carbon Rating Report of Australia's ASX 100 Listed CompaniesFirst Author

ESG Future Foundation

Quantified carbon emissions and built carbon scores for 100 ASX-listed Australian firms over the past five years.

Report

Nov 2024

AI and Sustainable Development Outlook

AI and Sustainable Development OutlookCore Editorial Board Member

Tencent Research Institute & Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen

Explored AI and carbon neutrality, energy, and climate resilience; analyzed energy consumption and carbon emissions of large models across training and inference.

Report

Aug 2023

2023 Carbon Rating Report of China's 100 Overseas Listed Companies

2023 Carbon Rating Report of China's 100 Overseas Listed CompaniesFirst Author

Global Sustainable Development Forum 2023

Built carbon scores for 100 overseas-listed Chinese firms; designed a 15-indicator scoring system across disclosure, emissions, and corporate governance.

Report

Jun 2022

2022 Carbon Rating Report of China's 100 Overseas Listed Companies

2022 Carbon Rating Report of China's 100 Overseas Listed CompaniesFirst Author

Global Sustainable Development Forum 2022

Built carbon scores for 100 overseas-listed Chinese firms; designed a 15-indicator scoring system across disclosure, emissions, and corporate governance.

Report

Aug 2022

High-Resolution Carbon Emissions Database for China's Listed Companies

High-Resolution Carbon Emissions Database for China's Listed CompaniesFirst Author

Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS)

Used AI to fuse satellite and reported data for firm-level emission prediction.

Projects

Feb 2024

Satellite & Drone-Certified Green Bond

Satellite & Drone-Certified Green BondSub-Project PI

China Galaxy International & Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS)

World's first green bond certified by satellite and drone data; contributed to SPO for ¥12 billion JPY green bond on HKEX. Reported by Xinhua News Agency.

Projects

Awards

Service

  • Journal Reviewer

    IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering; Energy; Applied Energy; Energy Conversion and Economics

  • Conference Reviewer

    ICML2025, 2026NeurIPS2025, 2026AAAI2026ICLR2026ACL2026